SQL Data Types
Like any other language, SQL do have his own set of data types which we are going to use as per our requirements. While Creating a table, you have to specify which data type each column is going to have and if you pass value other than the defined one then SQL will throw an error.
String Data Types
String data type is use to store the character values and we should pass the values in quotes.
Data Type | Example | Maximum Size | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
Character | char(5) | 255 Bytes | It can hold maximum of 5 character length data and it is fixed storage data type. if you store even 3 characters than also it will take 5 character place to hold the data. |
Variable Character | varchar(10) | 65535 Bytes | It can hold up to maximum of 10 characters of data. It is flexible data storage type that means if we try to store 3 character data then it will take only 3 space in the storage. |
Enumerate () | ENUM('M','F') | 65535 Values | We pass a set in the value of enum and if the value is not present than it will give null value else it will take the value. |
Numeric Data Types
Numeric data type is use to store the integer values and while giving the values its not necessary to give quotes.
Integer Data Types
Type | Storage | Singed | Minimum Value | Maximum Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
TINYINT | 1 Byte | Signed | -128 | 126 |
1 Byte | Unsigned | 0 | 255 | |
SMALLINT | 2 Bytes | SIgned | -32768 | 32767 |
2 Bytes | Unsigned | 0 | 65535 | |
MEDIUMINT | 3 Bytes | Signed | -8388608 | 8388607 |
3 Bytes | Unsigned | 0 | 16777215 | |
INT | 4 Bytes | Signed | -2147483648 | 2147483647 |
4 Bytes | Unsigned | 0 | 4294967295 | |
BIGINT | 8 Bytes | Signed | -92233720368547780 | 92233720368547780 |
8 Bytes | Unisgned | 0 | 184467440737095520 |
Decimal Data Types
It is a fixed-point numeric data type.
Syntax : decimal(p,s)
p is precision and s is scale
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Example:
decimal(5,2)
​
input stored value
345.21 345.21
567.214 567.21 (With Warning sign)
Float Data Types
It is a floating-point numeric data type.
Syntax : float(p,s)
p is precision and s is scale
​
Example:
float(5,2)
​
input stored value
345.21 345.21
567.214 567.21 (Without Warning sign)
Double Data Types
It is a floating-point numeric data type.
Syntax : double(p,s)
p is precision and s is scale
​
Double is similar to float with only difference is that float can store up to 23 digits and double can store up to 53 digits.